MICROPROCESSOR

 MICROPROCESSOR :- Important questions




Q1. Write a program to turn on and turn off the light for every 2 seconds. Use data bit D4 to operate the light. Also show the delay calaculation and assume system frequency 5Mhz.

Q2. Write a program to generate the square wave with a 200µs on period and 400µs off period. Also show the delay calaculation and assume system frequency 2Mhz.

Q3. Write a program to:
a)      Clear the accumulator.
b)      Add 45H
c)      Subtract 90H
d)     Add 64H
e)      Display the results after subtracting and after adding 64H.
Specify the answers you would expect at the output ports.

Q4.Write a program to load the bit pattern 91H in register B and 87H in register C. Mask all the bits except D0 from the registers  B and C. If D0 is at logic1 in both registers, turn on the light connected to the D0 position of output port 01H; otherwise, turn off the light.

Q5. A set of eight data bytes is stored in memory location starting at XX50 H. Write a program to check each data byte for the bits D7 and D0. If D7 or D0 is 0, reject the data byte; otherwise, store the data bytes at memory locations starting at XX60hH.
Data(H) : 80,52,E8,78,67,35,62, F5

Q6. A set of eight data bytes is stored in memory location starting at XX50 H. Write a program to check whether a byte 40H exist in the set. If it does, stop checking and display its memory location; otherwise output FF H.
Data (H) : 48,32,F2,38,37,40,82,8A

Q7. Six bytes of data are stored in memory locations starting at XX60H. Write a program to add all data bytes. Use register c to save any carries generated, while adding the data bytes. Display the entire sum at two output ports.
Data (H): A2,54,A2,86,5B,25

Q8. Draw the flowchart to load the hexadecimal numbers 90 H and A5 H in registers D and E respectively and add the numbers. If the sum is greater than FFH, display 01H at port 0; otherwise, display the sum.

Q9. Write a program to provide the given on/off time to three traffic lights (Green, Yellow and Red) and two pedstrain signs(WALK and DON’T WALK). The signal lights and signs are turned on/off by the data bits of an output port as shown below:

Lights	Data Bits	On Time
1.      Green	D7	20 seconds
2.      Yellow	D6	10 seconds
3.      Red	D4	20 seconds
4.      WALK	D2	20 seconds
5.      DON’T WALK	D0	30 seconds

The traffic and pedestrain flow are in the same direction; the pedstrain should cross the road when the Green light is on.

Q10. Write a program to control a railway crossing signal that has two alternately flashing red lights, with a 1 second delay on time for each light.

Q11. Write a 20ms time delay subroutine using register pair BC. Clear the Z flag without affecting any other flags in the flag register and return to the main program.

Q12. Write a program to add the two hex numbers 7A and 46 and to store the sum at memory location XX98H and the flag status at location XX97H.

Q13. An 8bit binary no. is stored in memory location XX50H. Write a program to transfer the byte to the accumulator and Separate the two nibbles. Also call the subroutine to convert each nibble into ASCII hex code and Store the codes in memory location XX60H and XX61H.

Q14.  A BCD no. between 0 and 99 is stored in an R/W memory location called the input buffer (INBUF). Write a main program and a conversion subroutine (BCDBIN) to convert the BCD no. into its binary equivalent.  Store the result in a memory location defined as the output buffer (OUTBUF).

Q15. A set of six unpacked BCD no. is stored in memory locations starting at XX30 H. Assume the seven segment codes of the digits  0 to 9  for common cathode LED are stored in memory location starting at XX70 H. Write a program to select an appropriate seven segment code for each digit. The code should be stored in memory location in reverse order starting at XX90 H.

Q16.Calculate the delay in the following loop, assuming the system clock period is 0.5microseconds:
                                    LXI B, 12FF H      10
                  DELAY:   DCX B                   6
                                   XTHL                     16
                                   NOP                        4
                                   MOV A, C              4
                                   ORA B                    4
                                   JNZ DELAY           10/7



Q17. A set of ten packed BCD no. is stored in memory location starting at XX40 H.
i) Write a program to add these numbers in BCD. If a carry is generated save it in register B and adjust it for BCD. The final sum will be less than 9999BCD .
ii) Write a second subroutine to unpack the BCD sum stored in register A and B and Store them in the memory location starting at XX60 H. (MSB at XX60 H and LSB at XX63 H)

  Q18. With reference to Q17. Write a subroutine to convert the unpacked BCD digits stored at XX60 to XX63 H into ASCII code and store them at output buffer memory starting at XX80 H.      

Q19. Write a program to subtract two packed BCD numbers (75- 36) stored in register B and C respectively. The minuend is placed in register C and subtrahend is placed in register B. Display the result at output port 0.

Q20. A binary number is stored in memory location XX50 H. Convert the no. into BCD and store each BCD as two unpack BCD digits in the output buffer (XX70 H). to perform the task, write a main program and two subroutines: one to supply powers of 10 and the other to perform the conversion.

Engineering and managerial economics

Engineering and managerial economics :- Important questions





Q1.  Explain the Meaning, nature and scope of Economics. Briefly explain the two major branches of Economics
Q2 Write down a 5 point of difference between macroeconomics and microeconomics.
Q3 Define engineering, science and Technology? How does the three contribute to the economic development of a country.
Q4 “Managerial economics is economics applied in decision-making.” Explain.
Q5.What is managerial economics? How does it differ from traditional economics?
Q6. Critically evaluate the impact of technology on the economic development of a country.
Q7. Explain the various functions and responsibilities of managerial economist
Q8  Write Short Notes on:-
a)   Engineering & Science
b)  Sloping downward of Demand Curve
c)  Various steps in demand forecasting.
d)  The concept of Elasticity of Demand
e)  External Economies
                                             
Q9.  What do you mean by Returns to a scale? What are the applications of this law?                                                                                                                                          
Q10. What do you mean by market? Briefly explain the various types of Market Structures.                                                                                                                                            
Q11.   Explain the following concept:-
         (i) Price Elasticity of demand
         (ii) Income Elasticity of demand
                                             
Q12. Explain determinants of Demand. What is demand forecasting? What is its purpose & significance in business organization?
Q13 State the Law of variable proportion. What are the applications of this law?

Q14.    Economic Development of any country is closely associated with Science, Engg & technology. Elaborate this statement and elucidate the role of science, engg & technology in the economic development.
Q15 What useful information do these concepts of elasticity provide to the  management?
Q16 Explain Internal Economies of Scale.
Q17      i) Fixed Cost
             ii. Variable Cost
            iii. Average Cost
            iv .Marginal Cost
Q18 Define Monopolistic Competitive market. What type of demand curve does a firm     have under Monopolistic Competitive Market?
Q19 Define Perfectly Competitive Market. What type of Demand Curve does a firm   have under perfect competition?
Assignment Questions
Q1 What useful information do these concepts of elasticity provide to the  management?
Q2 Explain Internal Economies of Scale.
Q3        i) Fixed Cost
             ii. Variable Cost
            iii. Average Cost
            iv .Marginal Cost
Q4 Define Monopolistic Competitive market. What type of demand curve does a firm     have under Monopolistic Competitive Market?
Q5 Define Perfectly Competitive Market. What type of Demand Curve does a firm   have under perfect competition?

Integrated Circuits

Integrated Circuits :- Important questions





1.What is CMOS logic design? Why static power consumption is zero in CMOS logic design?

2.Realize the Half adder circuit using CMOS logic design.

3.Realize the full adder circuit using CMOS logic design.

4.Realize the function Z= A(B+C) using CMOS logic design.

5.Realize the function Z= A(B+CD)+B using CMOS logic design.

6.Design a NOR based SR latch in CMOS.

7.Design a NAND based SR latch using NMOS depletion load.

8.Design a NOR based D-FF in CMOS.

9.Realize AND, OR, NAND, NOR and NOT gate using CMOS logic design.

10.Realize the function Z= A+B(C+D) using CMOS logic design.

11.Draw the circuit diagram of 555 Timer and explain about it.

12.Design the Monostable multivibrator using 555 timer circuit and explain about it. Also derive the    relevant expressions.

13.Design the Astable multivibrator using 555 timer circuit and explain about it. Also derive the    relevant expressions.

14.Draw the block diagram of PLL and explain about it.

15.Draw the block diagram frequency divider circuit using PLL and explain about it.

16.Draw the block diagram amplitude modulator circuit using PLL and explain about it.

17.Draw and explain about the voltage controlled oscillator circuit.

18.How an Ex-OR gate can be used as a phase detector circuit.
Assignment  Part 2

1. Draw and explain working of negative peak detector with the help of suitable diagram and waveform.
2. Draw and explain working of log amplifier.
3. With the help of multiplier IC realize the operation of multiplication and division.
4. How Schmitt trigger is removing errors of zero crossing detector? What are its advantages?
5. What do you mean by multivibrator circuit? What are different types of MV?
6. Analyze the performance of one shot MV. Derive the expression for time period.
7. Explain the function of Gyrator circuit.

ANTENNA

ANTENNA :- Important questions






Q1. (a) Explain antenna action. Define any of its four parameters.
(b) An antenna has an effective height of 10m and the current at the base is 450A (rms) at 50 kHz. Calculate the power radiated. If the total resistance of the antenna system is 1.5 ohm find out the efficiency of the antenna.
(c) How retarded potentials are useful in deriving the radiated field due to any antenna?
(d) Show that the directivity of an alternating current element is 1.76dB.
(e) Find the Gain, beam width and capture area for a parabolic antenna with a 6 m diameter dish and dipole fixed at a frequency of 10 GHz.
Q2. (a) Classify various type of antenna array with example.
(b) Derive and draw the radiation pattern of two isotropic sources separated by a distance  with an initial phase of 90 degree.
(c) With the help of pattern multiplication draw the radiation pattern of 4 element isotropic array separated by  with the initial phase of 0 degree among them.
(d) Design Yagi-Uda antenna of 6 elements of provide gain of 10 dB if the operating frequency is 200 MHz
(e) Derive the radiation resistance of a  antenna.
(f) Derive the field component of short electric dipole.
Q3. (a) Design a helical antenna operating in the axial mode that gives a directivity of 14 dB at 2.4 GHz. For this antenna, calculate the input impedance, half power beamwidth, BWFN, and the axial ratio.
(b) Determine the directivity of a loop antenna whose radius is 0.5m, when it is operated at 0.9MHz. Explain two of its applications.
(c) Design a log periodic dipole array having a τ = 0.895 and σ =0.166 over a frequency range of 10 MHz to 30 MHz
Q4. (a) Why we use term modified refractive index in propagation of radio waves. In which type of propagation it is valid and what is its value?
(b) Explain the structure of ionosphere. Explain any two parameters of sky wave propagation.
(c) What is troposphere? Explain the mechanism of wave propagation in this region.

principles of communication

principles of communication :- Important questions






1.   Explain indirect method of fm generation. What are the drawbacks of direct method..?

2.   (a) a differentiator circuit behaves like a fM slope detector .justify

(b)state 2 limitation of balanced slope detector

      3.What is agc?what are the advantages of delayed agc?

3.   Compare FDM and TDM?

     5.Explain crosstalk in PAM TDM system?

     6.Explain direct and indirect method of PDM?

     7.Compare s/n ratio of PAM and PDM?

     8.What are the disadvantages of delta modulationHowit can be removed?

CONTROL SYSTEMS

CONTROL SYSTEMS :- Important questions







1)      Define transfer function.
2)      What are the basic elements used for modeling mechanical rotational system?
3)      Name two types of electrical analogous for mechanical system.
4)      What is block diagram?
5)      What is the basis for framing the rules of block diagram reduction technique?
6)      What is a signal flow graph?
7)      Write Definitions /Short Notes on:
System
Control System Reference Input
Output
Feedback element
8)      Classify Control system.
9)      Differentiate between Open Loop and Closed Loop Control System.
10)  Explain importance of Feedback system.
11)  Write the rules of Block Diagram Reduction.
12)  Explain Mason’s Gain Formula.
13)  Write the differential equations governing the Mechanical system shown in fig. and determine the transfer function.



14)  Determine the transfer function Y2(S)/F(S) of the system shown in fig.





15)  Find the overall gain of the system whose signal flow graph is shown in fig.





16) Draw a signal flow graph and evaluate the closed loop transfer function of a system
      Whose block is shown in fig?




17) Derive the expressions and draw the response of first order system for unit step input.
18) Draw the response of second order system for critically damped case and when input is unit step.
19)  Derive the expressions for Rise time, Peak time, and Peak overshoot. A potential control system with velocity feedback is shown in fig. What is the response of the system for unit step input?

20) For a unity feedback control system the open loop transfer function

G(S) = 10(S+2)/ S2 (S+1). Find

(a) Position, velocity and acceleration error constants.

(b) The steady state error when the input is R(S) where R(S) =3/s –2/s2+1/3s3

21) What is frequency response?

22) What are advantages of frequency response analysis?

23) What are frequency domain specifications?

24) Define Resonant Peak.

25) What is resonant frequency?

26) Define Bandwidth.

27) What is cut-off rate?

28) Define gain margin.

29) Define phase margin.

30) What is phase and Gain cross-over frequency?

31) What is Bode plot?

32) Define corner frequency.

33) What are the advantages of Bode Plot?

34) Sketch the Bode plot and hence find Gain cross over frequency, Phase cross over frequency, Gain margin and Phase margin.

G(S) = 0.75(1+0.2S)/ S (1+0.5S) (1+0.1S)

35) Sketch the polar plot for the following transfer function and find Gain cross over frequency, Phase cross over frequency, Gain margin and Phase margin.

G(S) = 400/ S (S+2) (S+10)

36) What is the necessary and sufficient condition for stability?

37) What is routh stability condition?

38) What is Nyquist stability criterion?

39) Using Routh criterion determine the stability of the system whose characteristics

equation is s4+8s3+18s2+16s+5 =0 .

40) Construct Nyquist plot for a feedback control system whose open loop transfer function is given by G(S)H(S) =5/ S(1-S).comment on the stability of open loop and

closed loop transfer function.

41) Sketch the Nyquist plot for a system with the open loop transfer function

       G(S)H(S) =K(1+0.5S) (1+S) / (1+10S) (S-1).determine the range of values of K for which the system is stable.

42) What are state variables?

43)  What is the state space?

44) What are phase variables?

45) What is a state vector?

46) Test the controllability & observability of the system whose state space representation is given as,

47) Determine the state variable representation of the system whose transfer function is

given as Y(s) / U(s) = 2s2+8s+7 / (s+2) 2 (s+1)

CONTROL SYSTEMS

CONTROL SYSTEMS :-  Important questions

1)      Define transfer function.

2)      What are the basic elements used for modeling mechanical rotational system?

3)      Name two types of electrical analogous for mechanical system.

4)      What is block diagram?

5)      What is the basis for framing the rules of block diagram reduction technique?

6)      What is a signal flow graph?

7)      Write Definitions /Short Notes on:

1. System
2. Control System Reference Input
3. Output
4. Feedback element

8)      Classify Control system.

9)      Differentiate between Open Loop and Closed Loop Control System.

10)  Explain importance of Feedback system.

11)  Write the rules of Block Diagram Reduction.

12)  Explain Mason’s Gain Formula.

13)  Write the differential equations governing the Mechanical system shown in fig. and determine the transfer function.

14)  Determine the transfer function Y2(S)/F(S) of the system shown in fig.

15)  Find the overall gain of the system whose signal flow graph is shown in fig.

16) Draw a signal flow graph and evaluate the closed loop transfer function of a system

      Whose block is shown in fig?

17) Derive the expressions and draw the response of first order system for unit step input.

18) Draw the response of second order system for critically damped case and when input is unit step.

19)  Derive the expressions for Rise time, Peak time, and Peak overshoot. A potential control system with velocity feedback is shown in fig. What is the response of the system for unit step input?

20) For a unity feedback control system the open loop transfer function

G(S) = 10(S+2)/ S2 (S+1). Find

(a) Position, velocity and acceleration error constants.

(b) The steady state error when the input is R(S) where R(S) =3/s –2/s²+1/3s³

21) What is frequency response?

22) What are advantages of frequency response analysis?

23) What are frequency domain specifications?

24) Define Resonant Peak.

25) What is resonant frequency?

26) Define Bandwidth.

27) What is cut-off rate?

28) Define gain margin.

29) Define phase margin.

30) What is phase and Gain cross-over frequency?

31) What is Bode plot?

32) Define corner frequency.

33) What are the advantages of Bode Plot?

34) Sketch the Bode plot and hence find Gain cross over frequency, Phase cross over frequency, Gain margin and Phase margin.

G(S) = 0.75(1+0.2S)/ S (1+0.5S) (1+0.1S)

35) Sketch the polar plot for the following transfer function and find Gain cross over frequency, Phase cross over frequency, Gain margin and Phase margin.

G(S) = 400/ S (S+2) (S+10)

36) What is the necessary and sufficient condition for stability?

37) What is routh stability condition?

38) What is Nyquist stability criterion?

39) Using Routh criterion determine the stability of the system whose characteristics

equation is s⁴+8s³+18s²+16s+5 =0 .

40) Construct Nyquist plot for a feedback control system whose open loop transfer function is given by G(S)H(S) =5/ S(1-S).comment on the stability of open loop and

closed loop transfer function.

41) Sketch the Nyquist plot for a system with the open loop transfer function

       G(S)H(S) =K(1+0.5S) (1+S) / (1+10S) (S-1).determine the range of values of K for which the system is stable.

42) What are state variables?

43)  What is the state space?

44) What are phase variables?

45) What is a state vector?

46) Test the controllability & observability of the system whose state space representation is given as,

47) Determine the state variable representation of the system whose transfer function is

given as Y(s) / U(s) = 2s²+8s+7 / (s+2) ² (s+1)

Computer Architecture & Organization

Computer  Architecture  &  Organization :- Important questions






1(i)Write down the structural and behavioral aspects of half adder and full adder.
(ii) Realize half adder and full adder using logic gates.
2.List various register level component.
3.What do you understand by design levels in the design of computer systems.
 4.Write down the HDL and VHDL of half adder and full adder.
5.llustrate the use of state table for a sequential circuit considering one input variable x, one output variable y and two clocked D Flip flop also use, AND gate, OR gate, and Inverter.
6.Write down the component of Processor level.
7.Diagramatically state the Queuing Model. Write all its derivation/  formulas. Illustrate this model with a suitable examples.  
8.Define performance measurement along with it  formulas. Design a computer with multiple CPU and Main memory banks.
9.Represent Diagrammatically the internal organization of CPU and Cache memory.
10. What do you mean by programmable logic devices? Represent with diagram .
11.Consider a 5X32 decoder with four 3X8 decoder and a 2X4 decoder.Use a block diagram representation.
12.Represent the iterative flow method used by a CAD with a flowchart representation and discuss the usage of CAD tools.
13. Design RS Flip Flop using NOR and NAND Gate and analyze its various cases.
 14.With the help of logic circuit and logic diagram classify the shift registers based on the direction of data movement and mode of input and output.
  15. Design and explain about word gates with the help of NAND and NOR gate
16. Write down the basic arthematic operations of ALU along with their different  implementations. Design the logic diagram of arthematic circuit.
  17. What is the basic structure of floating point numbers?  Consider  an example to represent it
.
18.Write short notes on
(i) Multiplexers
(ii) Word Gates
(iii) Encoders and decoders
19.Design  the followings:
(i) a  4-bit D register with parallel loads.
(ii) a register-level design of  4-bit magnitude comparator
(iii) a 4-bit parallel adder.
20. Design an eight-input multiplexer  constructed from two-input multiplexers.
.

Laser Systems and Applications

Laser Systems and Applications :- Important questions

   1)    Explain the types of coherence

           2)    Explain the types of emission

           3)    Explain Gain, Gain clamping, Gain efficiency, Absorption.

           4)   Explain population inversion.

           5)   The coherence length of sodium light is 2.545x10^-2m and its wavelength is 5890A⁰. Calculate  

                  frequency and coherence time.

           6)   Discuss the spatial coherence as related to the size of the source. Obtain expression for lateral  

                  width and give its significance.

           7)   Deduce the time -independent Schrodinger’s wave equation.

           8)   Explain the different types of pumping techniques.

           9)   Derive the relation between Einstein’s coefficient.

          10)   Explain the characteristics of laser?

          11)  What is an optical resonant cavity? What role does it play in a laser?  

         

          12)  Discuss de-Broglie theory of matter waves.

          13)   Derive an expression for de-Broglie wavelength.

          14)  Explain principle, construction and working of Fabry –Parrot resonator.

          15)   Discuss on the quantum physics briefly.

         16)   Deduce the time -dependent Schrodinger’s wave equation.

         17)  What is uncertainty principle? Apply it to prove the non existence of electron in the nucleus.
          18)   What is Compton effect? Derive an equation for Compton shift.

         19)   Discuss the dual nature of matter and waves.

         20)   Calculate the population ratio of two states in laser that produces light of wavelength 6000A⁰             at300⁰ K.

Electronic Circuit

Electronic Circuit :- Important questions








Q.1 WHAT IS EARLY EFFECT ? HOW D0ES IT MODIFY THE V-I CHARACTERISTICS OF A BJT?

Q.2 DISTINGUISH BETWEEN THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF TRANSISTOR CONFIGURATIONS WITH NECESSARY CIRCUIT DIAGRAMS,USING TRANSISTOR.

Q.3 WHAT ARE THE FACTORS AGAINST WHICH AN AMPLIFIER NEEDS TO BESTABLIZED?EXPLAIN DIFFERENT TECHNIQES USED FOR BIASING TRANSISTOR AMPLIFIERS.

Q4.EXPLAIN EFFECT OF BJT INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL CAPACITANCES ON FREQUENCY RESPONSE.

Q.5 WHAT ARE ADVANTAGE OF FEEDBACK IN AMPLIFIER EXPLAIN NEGATIVE FEEDBACK IN DETAILS

Signals and Systems

Signals and Systems :- Important questions






            (i) What is time varying and time invariant system?

(ii)               What is superposition condition or theorem for systems?

(iii)             Find total energy contained in the Impulse function.

(iv)              Differentiate in brief

(a)   Energy and Power signals                         (b) Even and Odd signals

(v)                Find the fundamental period of the discrete time sinusoidal signal  x[n] = 5cos[0.2Πn]

(vi)              9Find the fundamental period of each discrete time sinusoidal signal

  x[n] = 2sin [6Πn/35]

(vii)            A pair of sinusoidal signal with a common angular frequency is defined by

    x1[n] = sin[5∏n] and x2[n]  = 4 cos[5∏n] .    Both signals are periodic. Find their fundamental periods and the fundamental period   

 of x[n]= x1[n] + x2[n]

(viii)           Find the Laplace Transform and ROC of unit step function.

(ix)              Find the ROC of LT of unit ramp function.

(x)                 Derive the relationship between Continuous Time Fourier Transform (CTFT) and Laplace Transform.

(xi)              Explain Dirichlet’s conditions for the convergence of DTFT.

(xii)            Explain Dirichlet’s conditions for the convergence of CTFT.

(xiii)          State and prove time shifting property of z- transform.

(xiv)          State the condition for stability and causality of Discrete Time LTI system in terms of ROC of its system function.

(xv)            A discrete time signal x[n]={ 0, 2 ,3 ,4,5,6,7,8,1,2}

 Draw i) x[2n]  ii) x[n-4]   iii) x[2-n]

(xvi)          Establish the relationship between convolution and correlation function for CT system.

(xvii)        Show that the system y[n] = 7x[n] + 5 is nonlinear system.

(xviii)      Show that the given system is nonlinear system.

(xix)                      (a) y(t) = x2(t)                  

(xx)            What do you mean by Group Delay?

(xxi)           Write the mathematical expression for the sinc function.

(xxii)        Write the condition for the convergence of DTFT.

(xxiii)      Find Laplace Transform of unit step function.

 Define the stability of the system.

(i)                  Check the linearity for the system equation y(t) = t x(t)

(ii)                Find the impulse response of the system having gain A.

(iii)               Check the causality of the system having input-output relation y(n) = x(n-1) + x(n-2).

(iv)              Find the total energy and total power contained in the unit step signal u(t).

(v)                 Find the fundamental period of the signal cos10πt.

(vi)               What will be the odd part of the signal cos2ωt.

(vii)            Find the output of an LTI discrete time system for x(n)= (1/2)n u(n-2) whose impulse response is unit step sequence.

(viii)          Signal x(t) is shown in the Figure 1.

(i)                 Find x(-4t+5) + 2x(t) for the signal given in figure 1.

 Find the even and odd part of the signal given in figure 1.

(XXII)       State and prove Parseval’s theorem for CTFT.

   A triangular pulse signal is shown in above figure 2. Sketch each of the following derived from x(t)

     i)  x(3t)             (ii) x(2(t+2)) 

   (iii) x(3t+2)        (iv) x(3t)+x(3t+2)

(XXII)       Find the DTFT of the sequence x (n) = n aⁿ  u(n).

(XXIII)     For the system specification y (t) = t x (2t) find whether the system is Linear or Nonlinear,   static or dynamic, fixed or time varying, causal or non-causal.

(XXII)       For the system specification y (t) = x (3t+2) find whether the system is Linear or Nonlinear,   static or dynamic, fixed or time varying.  

xxiv)         Find the Laplace Transform of e^-7t _{Sin ωt u(t).}

xxv)           Find the Fourier Transform of Signum function.

xxvi)         Find the Laplace Transform of the signal t sin ωt u(t).

xxvii)       Derive any Four properties of DTFT.

xxiv)         Determine the frequency response and impulse response of a causal    Discrete time LTI system that is characterized by the difference  equation given as 

                                    Y[n] - Ay [n-1] = x[n ]      with |A| < 1

        

xxv)            Determine the DTFT of the discrete time periodic signal X[n] = cos w₀      

with fundamental frequency  w₀ = 2П / 5.                     
                                      

xxvi)         State and prove Differentiation property in frequency domain for z-transform.

xxvii)        Determine the impulse response of a continuous-time LTI system described by first order differential equation

                              a dy(t)/dt + y(t) = x(t)

xxviii)     Two systems are described by the following input-output relations:

y(t) = {Cos(3t)} x(t) and

y[n]=x[n-2] +x[8-n]                                                  

Check the properties of linearity, time-invariance, Causality and     Stability for these systems and give    explanation for your answers.

xxix)          Find the output of an LTI system having input x(t)=1 for 0 < t < 2 and impulse   response  h(t)= 2  for 0 < t < 5 .

xxx)           Find the impulse response of the system whose input-output relation is given as                     y (n)-y (n-1) +3/16 y(n-2)= x(n)- ½ x(n-1).

xxxi)          Find the DTFT of the sequence x (n) = n aⁿ u(n).

xxxii)        State and prove time shifting property of CTFT.

xxxiii)     Derive the Differentiation in frequency domain and convolution properties for z- transform.

Prove that for an energy signal, its auto-correlation function and its energy spectral density (ESD) are Fourier transform pairs.

xxiv)         For following second order differential equations for causal and stable LTI system, describe whether the corresponding impulse response is under damped, critically damped or over damped?

xxv)           d ² y (t)/dt² + 4dy (t)/dt + 4y (t) = x (t).

xxvi)          What are the ideal frequency selective filters? Explain

xxvii)        The discrete-time signal x[n] is defined as below

             x[n] = 1, when n = 1,  2

                -1, when, n =  -1,  -2

                 0, when n=0, │n│>2

       Sketch the x[n] and the time shifted y[n] =x [n+3]

xxviii)      Show graphically that δ[n]= u[n] – u[n-1]

xxix)          Sketch signal x(t) = A[u(t+ a) – u(t – a)]. Identify whether it is power or energy signal and     accordingly calculate suitable quantity.      

xxx)            Find the Laplace Transform of t x(t),  if x(t) is having Laplace Transform X(s).

xxxi)          Find inverse Laplace transform of the following

xxxii)                      X(S) = 10/ (S+1) (S+5),                ROC : Re{S} < -5

xxxiii)       Consider the rectangular pulse (gate pulse) signal defined as

x(t) = A rect (t/2T) = A;          │t│< T

                               0;             │t│> T

xxxiv)      Find the Fourier transform of x(t).

xxxv)        For a DT system, H(z) is given below ,

                H(z) = 3 - 4Z-1/ 1 - 3.5Z-1 + 1.5Z-2

 Specify the ROC and determine h[n], when (i) System is stable (ii) System is causal.

xxxvi)            Find out Z- transform of signal x[n] = an u[n] and its ROC.

xxxvii)          Find the impulse response of the system whose input-output relation is given as                    

         y (n) - y (n-1)  + 3/16 y(n-2)= x(n) – ½ x(n-1).

xxxviii)    Find the convolution of following two sequences:

                  x[n]= u[n],       h[n]= 2n u[n].

xxxix)       Explain Invertibility and causality properties of any system.

xl)                 Derive the condition of mapping from s-plane to z plane and also correlate the ROCs of LT and ZT.

xli)              For following second order differential equations for causal and stable LTI system, describe whether the corresponding impulse response is under damped, critically damped or over damped?

4d² y (t)/dt2 + 5dy (t)/dt + 4y (t) = 7 x (t)

xlii)             Define distortion less transmission through a filter. Derive the frequency response of a filter that will not distort any signal.

xliii)          Write the expression for Rxy(τ) and Ryx(τ) and give all the relationship for real valued and complex valued signals.

xliv)           Find the step response of the RC high pass filter.

xlv)             Identify whether signal x(t)= e^-5t u(t) is energy signal or power signal? Also calculate energy and power of signal.

xlvi)           The discrete-time signal x[n] is defined as below

                         x[n] = 1, when n = -1,1

                              0, when n=0, │n│>1

  Sketch x[n] and find y[n]= x[n] + x[-n] with suitable sketch.

       liv)        Explain causal and anti-causal signals with suitable examples.

xlvii)         Find the DTFT of the sequence x(n)= a^|n|  and also draw the magnitude spectrum.

xlviii)       Find the output of an LTI discrete time system for x(n)= (1/2)ⁿu(n-2) whose impulse    response is unit step sequence.

xlix)           Find Z-transform and ROC of Ramp function.

l)                    Find the Energy Spectral Density of the function x(t)= e^-│t│

li)                  Find the auto correlation of the sequence x(n)= aⁿ u(n) for 0<a<1.

lii)                Explain Invertibility and stability properties of any system with the help of examples.

liii)              Find the Laplace Transform of the function x(t) = t² e^-2t cos ωt u(t).

liv)              Find inverse Fourier Transform ofδ(ω).

lv)                Find the Fourier Transform of the constant signal ‘1’ which extends over entire time            interval.

     

lvi)              Find inverse  Laplace transform  of following

               X(S) = 10/ (S+1) (S+5),                ROC : Re{S} > -1

lvii)            Find the step and impulse response of the RC low pass filter.

lviii)          Define distortion less transmission through a filter. Derive the frequency response of a filter that will not distort any signal.

lix)              Determine the impulse response and step response of a continuous-time LTI system described by first order differential equation

                              a dy(t)/dt + y(t) = x(t)

      (lxxv)      Find the Laplace Transform of the function x(t) = t²cos ωt u(t).

      (lxxvi)      Find the Fourier Transform of u(t) using Signum function.

      (lxxvii)     Find the convolution of two continuous time signals:

        x(t)= 3 cos2t,  for all t                and      y(t)= e^t;                 t < 0

                                               e^-t;              t ≥ 0